Arkansas Healthcare Shortage Areas

What the HRSA Data Shows for Arkansas

Arkansas currently carries 351 active Health Professional Shortage Area designations in the HRSA Data Warehouse, split across 145 primary-care HPSAs, 90 mental-health HPSAs, and 116 dental HPSAs. Roughly 6.0% of the state's population — about 179,858 residents — lives in a county that HRSA has designated as a geographic (whole-community) shortage area. Population-group and facility designations (rural health clinics, FQHCs, low-income groups) cover additional residents and are counted separately, since a single county can hold several designation types without their service populations overlapping cleanly.

Beyond the HPSA counts, Arkansas shows 92 Medically Underserved Areas, a separate HRSA classification that weights four population-level factors: the primary-care provider ratio, the infant mortality rate, the percent of residents below poverty, and the percent of residents aged 65 and over. Counties can appear on the HPSA list, the MUA list, or both — the designations serve different federal-program eligibility purposes. The 75 counties listed above show where these shortages land geographically inside Arkansas, with mental-health gaps typically running the highest in severity scores because HRSA's mental-health provider-to-population ratio threshold (30,000:1) is roughly ten times wider than primary care (3,500:1).

These designations are the gating criterion for more than thirty federal programs that target underserved communities in Arkansas: National Health Service Corps scholarships and loan-repayment awards (up to $50,000 per year), Community Health Center (FQHC) operating grants, a 10% Medicare bonus for physicians practicing inside a HPSA, Rural Health Clinic certification, and J-1 visa waivers for international medical graduates who commit to serving in designated areas. HRSA reviews designations quarterly, so the counts shown above shift as new areas qualify and previously designated areas fall off. The data here describes the structural supply of providers only; it does not evaluate the quality of care offered or substitute for medical advice, and residents seeking a specific appointment should contact a provider directly or use their insurance network.